Unreliable First Person In Life Of Pi English Literature Essay free essay sample

The storyteller is the line of life to storytelling. Without a trustworthy and dependable storyteller, readers question what is being told. Novels that experience undependable first individual storytellers that cloud facts and manipulate readers cause an array of issues. Without a guiding manus that non merely embraces the reader with candidly and dependently, the connexion between what is existent and what is twisted is unsure. Life of Pi, The Gathering, and Midnight s Children all experience the fickle first individual storyteller ; because of this point of position, readers invariably have to fight in linking to the character s motivations, beliefs, and narratives. When novels are told with misrepresentation, the relationship of trust between the reader and storyteller diminishes. It is of import that the relationship remains consentaneous, otherwise, involvement is lost. Analyzing and comparing first individual narrative in each of the novels, it will be proven that the point of position contaminates the dependability and in bend, forces readers to step back with uncertainty and incredulity of purposes, facts, events, and emotions. We will write a custom essay sample on Unreliable First Person In Life Of Pi English Literature Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To get down with, the storyteller s voice in The Gathering distracts readers from the narrative s chief quandary: recalling and patching together Liam s molestation and decoding how that affected his decease. Yet, Veronica, through remembering past events from her position, merely confuses the readers when their focal point should be on Liam. Because Veronica is stating the narrative about her brother, readers are diffident whether she excessively was molested. The deficiency of certainty from her memory creates a cloudy narrative where Liam, who is the narrative s Muse, is left out of focal points because the point of position displacements to Veronica s possible incident, alternatively of concentrating on her brother. Veronica was non the best pick as a storyteller because she turns and twists the camera to herself, alternatively of Liam. The gap paragraph we sense Veronica is diffident about what happened. In fact, she says, I am non certain if it truly happened ( p.1 ) . Right off the chiropteran, readers are 2nd thinking the cogency of the narrative she is about to state from her childhood. The fact that she does nt cognize for certain if it ( molestation ) happened makes the readers unsure about her dependability as a storyteller. As the narrative progresses, it becomes clear that the chief character is Liam ; the secret plan revolves around his childhood molestation and recent self-destruction. The storyteller even senses that the novel should be about Liam when she states, So if I want to state Liam s narrative, so I have to get down long earlier he was born ( p. 13 ) . Yet, alternatively of merely concentrating on her brother s life in a additive manner, Veronica switches the position, several times, to her ain life: her childs, her hubby, and even her college love affair. Her narrative can hence be said t o match to the dual relation ( Harte p. 189 ) . She tries to state her brother s narrative but merely does it half heartedly because she focuses the other half on how the injury affected her life. Possibly it is because there are 11 months between me ( Veronica ) and Liam does she experience ownership to his life, since, sometimes I think we overlapped ( p.11 ) . Veronica does nt non concentrate on her brother s molestation but attempts to construct her life around HIS experience since she feels their lives are one. Veronica does non admit that the colza happened to Liam merely. Alternatively, she assumes that she was raped excessively. Yet, someway, her memory forces her to bury. Veronica makes her undependability as a storyteller clear when seeking to retrieve what is true ( p.144 ) . Here Veronica tells us, even though I know it is true that this happened, I do non cognize if I have a true image in my head s oculus ( p.144 ) . Veronica narrates the narrative, non on facts listed to convey understanding or realisation to her brother s decease, but on what she remembers, what she knows, or what she feels. By taking away attending from her brother s molestation, readers are less witting to the earnestness. Since it is Liam s self-destruction that causes her to measure the beginnings and extent of her tattered subjectiveness does she even consider the molestation in demand of groking. ( Harte p. 189 ) . Veronica associates herself with her brother s life, injury, and decease. Yet, because she is non removed from the narrative, she becomes excessively intertwined with patching together the mystifier of the summer ; this cloud s her dependability as a storyteller. If she is non trusty plenty to state Liam s narrative without consisting what really happened, she serves no purpose- other than pull stringsing the reader s attending to herself. While a sister, or brother even, is the best pick to assist give inside informations about Liam s life, the siblings should be so close in age. If Veronica remains the storyteller, she needs to be more distant from Liam. This is particularly true during the summer of the molestation. If the storyteller told us about Liam from a 3rd individual limited position merely, intending that we do nt hear every bit much about Liam s feelings, patching together what truly happened by Nugent would be more credible. If the realisation is more credible, readers would experience sympathetic to Liam and non the storyteller. This is of import because Veronica owe ( s ) it to Liam to do things clear ( p.223 ) . The significance of Liam s molestation needs to be taken earnestly. The lone manner to give his life recognition, and in bend give acknowledgment that the colza occurred, is to hold a storyteller that is non selfish in happening and depicting his history. We, at least, owe that to Liam. The storyteller s voice in The Gathering distracted readers from Liam. Because Veronica is stating the narrative, readers are diffident whether she excessively was raped. The confusion takes off from Laim and his decease. Veronica was non the best pick as a storyteller because she turns and twists the camera of reader s attending to herself, alternatively of Liam. Life of Pi, like The Gathering is told in first individual. Because he is the lone storyteller, readers see what he does ; the job is, Pi s reactions and over simplistic method of analysing events are unrealistic. Pi is an undependable storyteller and because of that, the book is non represented every bit good as it could hold been if the narrative was told from a 3rd individual all-knowing point of position. The first subdivision of the book is positioned to coerce the readers to believe in God, but which one? Since Pi believes in three faiths at one time, we see him as non to the full committed to one. Pi is projecting his undependable quality by believing, whole heartedly, that he can go on populating with three faiths. Even his female parent attempts to convert him that multiple faiths is non realistic when she says, if you re traveling to be spiritual, you must either be a Hindu, a Christian, or a Muslim ( p. 73 ) . It is unrealistic that three faiths would be comfy with him functioning each. Pi has disregarded the commandment, Do nt Idolize any other God that is the anchor of Christianity. Because of his desire to idolize many faiths, he in bend forces the three spiritual figures to reason for his religion. Pi is undependable in that he can non take one faith despite cognizing holding multiple faiths is a no-no . Another topographic point where Pi proves to be an unrealistic narrator is when the ship sinks. He waits in the life boat thought, the dark vanished every bit rapidly as the ship ( p.111 ) . In fact, he tells a sea polo-neck, travel state a ship I m here ( p.123 ) . His full household, all his animate beings, all the crew, all the other riders, and the immense ship merely sank and his emotion is unagitated plenty to state a polo-neck to happen aid while he sits in the life boat for three days- hardly traveling, waiting. That is an unrealistic reaction to the ruinous state of affairs. He over simplifies events and by making so, makes readers inquiry, what s incorrect with him? Even to endorse path to before the ship sank, Pi was walking about at dark, by himself, because he heard a noise and wanted to travel researching. That is non credible. In fact, readers question if he was truly thrown out of the ship and if the animate beings in the life boat were existent because the stru ggle and events taking up to the sinking seemed to go through without any hurt or earnestness. As the book goes on, the readers follow, blindly, because of the thrust to cognize what comes following. Yet, readers face the same undependable narratives as Pi tries to last. For illustration, Pi survived 227 yearss at sea. However, Pi describes his activities as about relaxing and gratifying. On page 190 he relates his day-to-day agenda to transpirate like a fishing trip. He has become, at this point, so comfy with his state of affairs, that he has remainder and reposeful actives. Surviving, about once and for all, off the H2O and its marine life, Pi neer states the illness from eating natural meat for that long. He is really in writing in his dealingss of Richard Parker s dirt in his oral cavity yet neer exposes himself to being sea sick. He is doing certain things simplistic, and by that, about covering them up by non exposing the trouble in lasting. Even while eating, Pi does non demo the readers the rough world of populating off the ocean. He is excessively unagitated when he says, I enjoyed my repast as I watched the Sun s descent into a cloudless sky. It was a restful minute ( p. 174 ) . Pi tries to do his state of affairs simple to convert himself, and the readers, his fortunes are non bad or lasting. His deficiency of earnestness proves he is unrealistic and hence unable to narrate the plot line with color and truth. The lone sensible decision the readers are left to pull is that Pi wants to be seen as masculine, independent, and able to last: illness, over laziness in emotions, and terror that will change ability to populate. The most obvious topographic point in the book that remarks on Pi s undependability as a storyteller is during chapter 90 one and ninety two. Here, Pi sees another homo, who is besides unsighted doing his manner through the ocean. The adult male said, Is person at that place three times. Even Pi inquiries his saneness when he says, I conclude that I had gone huffy. Sad but true. Misery loves company, and wretchedness calls it Forth ( p. 242 ) . Readers are tempted to believe that the individual was portion of Pi s imaginativeness. As the conversation goes back and Forth, they two talk about figs. In fact, Pi says, the subdivisions of the trees are dead set over, they are so weighed down with figs ( p. 243 ) . Pi is conceive ofing a tree with figs to feed his inner desire non merely for nutrient but for deficiency of human contact. On page 245, Pi states, lunacy of the head is one thing, but it was non just that it should travel to the tummy. This quotation mark is of import b ecause it shows his acknowledgment for insanity. By recognizing his lunacy , he proves he is non qualified to narrate the events accurately. Pi s fictional observation of the tree proves his head is non sane ; because his head is non sane, how can we believe his narrative? The worst portion is when Pi tries to deny his lunacy, in making so, he really adds to it. On page 246, Pi says, I knew it. I was nt hearing voices. I had nt gone huffy. It was Richard Parker who was talking to me! The dry portion is Pi attempts so urgently to convert the readers he is non insane by utilizing a speaking animate being to warrant it. At this point, readers are certain Pi is losing his head. Richard Parker, who had chosen an hr before we were to decease pipe ( vitamin D ) up ( 246 ) . Pi was so close to famishment and decease that his head developed a fictional conversation with a tiger as a manner to soothe him, as a manner to calmly allow his life sink onto duty. It is non credible that he would hold a conversation with a adult male that turned out to be a speaking tiger. Pi, one time once more, shows the readers that he is non fit to state the narrative as it really happened. Since the narrative is told from an undependable storyteller, we question every action, quotation mark, or sound. Without a 3rd individual narrative, the narrative becomes a series of questionable events and insane characters. If Life of Pi was told from a 3rd individual point of position, the readers would be more likely to believe the events, particularly if it was 3rd individual omniscient. All-knowing point of position, besides known as all cognizing , is based strictly on observation. Because the novel would be seen from a dependable beginning, readers would non oppugn cogency. Pi is non fit to be the exclusive supplier of information. The fresh demands to be told from an all-knowing point of position in order for readers to swear the actions. As seen above, Pi offers more confusion and undependability than prosperity. The lone manner readers would swear Pi would be to hold person else state his narrative. Without a storyteller that is trusty, readers question the events, characters, and in bend the book as a whole. Pi is an undependable storyteller because he denies truth to beliefs, events, or worlds. Readers question his actions because his response is non typical. His unreliability inquiries the earnestness of the book s subject and writer s motive. Without a serious storyteller, readers are left to deny everything and anything from an undependable beginning. Like Life of Pi and The Gathering, Salman Rushdie s fresh Midnight s Children is besides told utilizing first individual. Like the other two novels, it excessively faces undependable narrative. The fresh describes ordinary events as charming ; for illustration when Salman describes his gramps s nose-bleed: Aadam Aziz hit his olfactory organ against a frost-hardened tuft of Earth three beads of blood plopped out of his left anterior naris, hardened immediately in the brickle air and transformed into rubies ( Rushdie, 4 ) . The jeer of the characters forces the storyteller to be seen as undependable. In fact, harmonizing to Linda Hutcheon, storytellers in fiction become either disconcertingly multiple and difficult to turn up or resolutely probationary and limited frequently sabotaging their ain seeming omniscience ( Hutcheon p. 11 ) . This is demonstrated in the first book of the novel, where Rushdie s narrative moves backwards and forwards in clip, with events from future decennaries taking topographic point during the earliest portion of the narrative. Naturally, this perturbation of clip and story-telling convention interruptions down the genuineness of both storyteller and writer. Rushdie s novel is that of an unstable genuineness. Saleem gets legion historical events and day of the months muddled up as he tries urgently to convert his readers that he is at the Centre of India s history ( DCruz ) . Readers can non swear a storyteller that confuses day of the month, additive events, and describe characters in an overdone manner. The storyteller is by and large true and often all-knowing. Within Midnight s Children, this is non the instance: at one point, the storyteller really confesses that he has lied: To state the truth, I lied about Shiva s decease. My first absolute prevarication although my presentation of the Emergency in the pretense of a six-hundred-and-thirty-five-day-long midnight was possibly overly romantic .That s why I fibbed I fell victim to the enticement of every autobiographer, to the semblance that since the past exists merely in one s memories ( Rushdie p.619 ) . In fact, Saleem says What s existent and what s true are nt needfully the same ( Rushdie p. 103 ) . Through this device, Rushdie makes the reader inquiry every item of the narrative, and becomes unstable. His relationship with Padma, the novel s voice of the reader, is besides affected by his inability to accurately depict his narrative. Padma ; like a reader, Padma edits and remarks upon Saleem s creative activity, defying his efforts to compose a narrative as he chooses: I must disrupt myself. I was nt traveling to today, because Padma has started acquiring irritated whenever my narrative becomes self-aware, whenever, like an incompetent puppeteer, I reveal the custodies keeping the strings ( Rushdie p.83 ) . Because he can non supply his reader with an reliable history, he gives alternatively remembrances, myths and half-truths: Alternatively of satisfaction, he offers her sublimation ; alternatively of History, he offers Padma his histories. By overtly bring forthing these histories for her, Saleem subverts both the causality and continuity of what is traditionally conceived of as patriarchal History ( Hutcheon p.162-3 ) . Saleem repeatedly interrupts his ain narrative, for il lustration, he says, Nose and articulatio genuss and articulatio genuss and nose listen carefully, Padma ; the chap got nil incorrect! ( Rushdie p. 114 ) . Saleem s inability to unite the topic within history agencies that he removes genuineness from his narratives. At one point Saleem asks himself am I so far gone, in my despairing demand for intending that I m prepared to falsify everything to re-write the whole history of my times strictly in order to put myself in a cardinal function? ( Rushdie p. 190 ) . First, he wants to affect Padma and his boy with his life narrative. He explains that this is what keeps me traveling: I hold on to Padma. Padma is what affairs ( Rushdie p. 337 ) . As he admits, he is needing-to-be-loved ( Rushdie p. 392 ) , and by crafting his narrative carefully he can affect Padma with his worth. The uncertainness and anxiousness is exaggerated when Padma leaves him. Shortly after he says, I feel baffled. . . in her absence my certainties are falling apart ( Rushdie p. 187 ) . His other motive for moving, and moving rapidly is his desire to complete the narrative before his life ends. In the first page he explains, clip ( holding no farther usage for me ) is running out. I will shortly be 31 old ages old. Possibly. If my crumbling, overused organic structure licenses ( Rushdie p. 3 ) . The possibly suggests his uncertainness with his ain mortality he is non certain how much more his organic structure can allow, and throughout the narrative he says that he must hotfoot on ( Rushdie p. 475 ) , so that he can complete before an unsure decease. It has become obvious from the illustrations presented that Saleem is non a dependable storyteller ; his haste to state his narrative and impress Padma clouds his truthfulness as an writer. The significance of holding a first individual storyteller that is undependable is that readers are left to swift through which inside informations are true, as they process through the book. Readers must understand that the relationship from storyteller to readers is rendered otherwise from a first individual position, opposed to a 3rd individual point of position. The so-what facet is that novels, such as the three discussed, pollute the overall interaction. When a storyteller exaggerates, lies, manipulates, over-simplifies inside informations, or even uses another character s injury to give attending to her ain life, the intent of the fresh becomes fly-by-night. Novels that use other points of positions smooth the passage between reader and writer by offering a safe and stable narrative. First individual narratives can be slippery when readers are forced to follow them as the lone usher throughout the pages. First individual narrators are similar to a unsighted individual giving a circuit in a cave ; we trust them plenty because the shinny name ticket says follow me but we drag our fingers across the walls, verifying that we truly are in cave. It is necessary when reading novels with first individual that we recognize the untrustiness can reflect negatively on how we see other facets of the novel. For illustration, when a storyteller describes other characters interacting but we do nt believe the storyteller, we in bend do non believe that the other characters look they manner they do, speak they manner described, or even care about the conversations every bit much as we could is the storyteller was dependable. Novels need a stable relationship to bond the reader to the narrative ; without a sense of security and trust, readers will non care about characters, events, or the intent. There is a noncompliant battle that must be overcome when swearing undependable storytellers to safely acquire us out of the cave alive. These three books have proven that cautiousness must be taken when covering with an untrusty point of position. Life of Pi, The Gathering, and Midnight s Children all experience the first individual storyteller ; because of its point of position, readers invariably have to fight to swear. When this happens, the relationship of trust between the reader and storyteller is compromised. By comparing first individual narrative in each of the novels, it was proven that the point of position contaminates the dependability. These three novels shine visible radiation on the confusing complexness that has to be overcome when an undependable storyteller takes our manus and retarding forces us through the pages. The storyteller will seek to lead on us, confound us, and even pull strings us in believing the hyperboles, but, we must travel frontward through the pages every bit swimmingly as possible, if non for the storyteller, so for Liam, Padma, and Richard Parker s interest.

Attentional Capture Essays - Cognitive Science, Neuroscience

Attentional Capture Essays - Cognitive Science, Neuroscience Attentional Capture ABSTRACT: How likely are subjects to notice something salient and potentially relevant that they do not expect? Recently, several new paradigms exploring this question have found that, quite often, unexpected objects fail to capture attention. This, phenomenon known as 'inattentional blindness' has been brought forth by Simon (2000) who raised the intriguing possibility that salient stimuli, including the appearance of new objects, might not always capture attention in the real world. For example, a driver may fail to notice another car when trying to turn. With regards to this, in the context of driver attention, this (draft) proposal predicts that intattentional blindness may be the cause of the majority of automobile accidents, and that attentional capture may be improved by expanding the attentional set of the driver through training in virtual driving settings. This review first considers evidence for the effects of irrelevant features both on performance, by implicit attentional capture and on awareness, by explicit attentional capture. Together studies of implicit attentional capture and recent studies of inattentional blindness can provide a fuller understanding of the varieties of attentional capture, and has important implications for real world driving situations. Two general definitions have been used in the study of attentional capture. Explicit attentional capture occurs when a salient and unattended stimulus draws attention, leading to awareness of its presence. Implicit attentional capture is revealed when a salient and irrelevant stimulus affects performance on another task, regardless of whether or not subjects are aware of the stimulus (Simon, 2000). Explicit attentional capture for example, occurs when someone across a room says our name or waves vigorously, and that stimulus signal sets itself apart from the background and w e become aware of its source (Simon, 2000). Typically, studies determine whether capture has occurred by asking subjects whether they noticed the critical stimulus. Several recent studies of explicit attentional capture have found that when observers are focused on some other object or event, they often fail to notice salient and distinctive objects, a phenomenon that is termed inattentional blindness (IB). Although the use of explicit reports was one of the first approaches used to study attentional capture , most studies have focused on implicit attentional capture. These studies make the critical stimulus irrelevant to the primary task and infer capture of attention based on different patterns of response times or eye movements. (Simon, 2000). Four distinct paradigms have been used to explore implicit attentional capture by measuring the effects of an irrelevant stimulus on performance of a primary task visual search task. These have already been commonly discussed directly or indirectly before by researchers (eg. In PSY 375 lectures) so they will be briefly presented in a tabular form (See Appendix 1). The primary debate in the literature on implicit attentional capture focuses on which features might automatically draw attention regardless of the expectations and attentional set of the observer. Evidence from the Pre-cueing paradigm suggests that attentional capture does not occur in the absence of the appropriate attentional set. Findings from each of the other paradigms suggest that stimulus-driven capture can occur, particularly by the abrupt onset of a new object. All of these studies explore the degree to which subjects can ignore something they know to be irrelevant. During performance of these tasks, observers often do not even notice the irrelevant feature despite its effects on their search performance (Yantis, 1993). In fact, even distinctive features that are presented below a subjective threshold for awareness can implicitly capture attention and affect performance (McCormick, 1997) . Evidence for implicit attentional capture is critical to understanding the mechanisms underlying visual search and for determining whether a perceptual event can automatically influence performance. Furthermore, such implicit effects can have a dramatic influence on our execution of real-world tasks and goals. For example, much of our driving performance probably reflects implicit detection of salient events (such as cars turning or slowing down) leading to corresponding adjustments to our behavior. A good proportion of perception occurs without awareness, and we need to be able to adjust our behavior without necessarily becoming aware of the cause or even the need for adjustment (Simon, 2000). Do we automatically really become aware of salient events in our visual environment, particularly events

Basics of Christianity and Hinduism

Christian fundamental Christianity is one of the most popular religions in the world. Two billion people worldwide are engaged in one-third of Christianity in the world. Christianity is faith in the Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost. The idea of ​​how a father, son, and the Holy Spirit will be one seems to be something you might have in a dynamic way or in some way. The fact that this may be impossible for most people is because the Trinity has never been mentioned explicitly in the text. Religion is not so important in today's world compared to hundreds of years ago. In the United States, the main religion is Christianity, no one is worried about other religions like Hinduism. Strangely, Hinduism was always in the world before Christianity, but many people do not know it. As I have seen before, when teaching religious beliefs, There is lack of complexity compared to Christian lessons (Glod). Some people think Christians are perfect to complete other religions, b ut everyone is perfect in their own way. As we all know, Christianity and Hinduism are different. There is a slight similarity between the two beliefs. Religion is a very important aspect of people's lives. Because Christianity only rules over the rules of people's lives, Hinduism is ahead of Christianity. Since Hinduism is a religion with many beliefs and practices, it is more challenging to offer Christianity and Hinduism. It uses Hinduism as an unfair habit, reducing its theology and philosophy to the extent it really provides for comparison with Christianity. But in Hinduism there are some common principles for all Hindus. The first difference between Hinduism and Christianity is that Hinduism considers Christianity as an effective religion, while the Bible does not. Hinduism is a religion that promotes tolerance. It teaches that all religions are different paths to goals and that all religions are different means. Hinduism is not exclusive and admits that all religions are effe ctive. But Christianity teaches that Christ is the only way to God. John 14: 6 replied, Jesus answered, I am the way, the truth, the life, nobody can come to the father except me.

Business for Social Responsibility (Environment study) Essay

Business for Social Responsibility (Environment study) - Essay Example This happened prior to the emergence of modern multinational corporations. The most renowned philosophers of that time, Thomas Hobbes, Jean Rousseau and John Locke introduced the concepts of responsibilities and rights of government to its people and citizens to fellow citizens (White 2007 p.13). This line of thinking became the idea behind the modern concept of a democratic state and democracy at large. This was a situation whereby the ultimate power rested on the citizens. However, the citizens are willing to delegate authority to the state. Through this, individuals could participate in social activities that enhance a shared future in a defined territory or community. The basics of social contracts are clear although the emphases and assumptions may vary. The modern day pluralistic society discourages a few people to use power to oppress the majority (Buchholtz & Carroll 2012 p19). These basics have not changed for centuries notwithstanding the huge shift from agrarian societies to complex industrialized societies which are dominated by the global economy (White 2007 p. 8). According to White (2007), this facilitated the shift from a life of endless conflicts over control of assets like water and land. These assets are considered to be common. The rights became defined. Citizens accepted to respect the rights of their fellow citizens with the assurance that their own rights will be protected. Penalties for those who violate the rights of others were introduced (White 2007 p. 8). The foundation of social contracts lies behind the principle of shielding or protecting human rights by means of individuals giving authority or state willingly. The scope of human rights has been rapidly expanding, but the underlying principle remains the same. Social contract is the awareness that the government is supposed to serve the people. With that understanding, the people own all the political power, but in most cases they delegate it to government officials. The people ca n give or opt to withhold power (Buchholtz & Carroll 22). Social contract theory urges that people can exchange power with authorities so that their rights can be protected. In this process, people surrender some of their freedoms and submit to an authority for protection (White 2007 p.16). The relationship between legal and natural rights becomes a vital aspect of the social contract theory. Members of the society decide to cooperate so that the entire society can benefit. A social contract is a general agreement between members of a society of with the government that explains how the rights of the society shall be protected in a sustainable manner. This agreement is not written, but it is known to exist between the state and individuals. In case of mature democracies, the rights are delegated to elected officials and the leaders are held accountable. Impacts of the iron law of responsibility and social contract. Property rights assist people with the atmosphere to nurture wealth which is supposed to enrich and improve their productivity. According to Thomas Paine, a philosopher in the 18th century, natural property comes from God, who is the Creator of the universe. Therefore, it should not be used for just personal and private needs. The impact of social contracts is increasingly being felt. A society which allows incursions into communal resources to benefit a few cannot have true democracy (White 2007). The level to

International Business Expansion to South Africa Coursework - 1

International Business Expansion to South Africa - Coursework Example It is also seeking to enter an international joint venture with SAPumps to repair and/or produce components and parts. This paper examines these major events in-depth and gives RRP advice on how to proceed with its international expansion drive. In the first part of the paper, we examine the risks involved in the contract RRP has with its existing sole agent, Agent B and the consequences it will bring to the company if it signs a contract with the new agent, A. It goes further to examine how the company can use commission rates, flexibility, and agency arrangements to control A’s performance. In the second part, the research examines the foundations and structures of the new international joint venture that is on the verge of entering with SAPumps. It looks at how inventory will be treated, customer relations and the contract structure as well as marketing and distribution of the final products. The issue with Agency B is a very complicated one. Agency B has the sole agency rights for RRP in South Africa. This makes them the only agency that can source for projects in South Africa for RPR. If care is not taken by RPR, it could get involved in a breach of contract with Agency B if it goes ahead to sign this contract with Agency A. If this happens, Agency B will be entitled to claims for damages. Secondly, if RRP goes ahead to sign this contract with Agency A, granting it exclusive rights without a proper care with regards to the agreement with Agency B, Agency A will not get access to the exclusivity it desires. This could also pose legal problems for Agency A and B in their operations in South Africa. This arrangement is a principal-agency arrangement in an international context. A principal-agent relationship exists when a party pursues to direct the actions of the opposite party to his own ends for mutual benefits like shareholder-manager and employer-employee relationships (Jager, 2008).

Canadian Blood Services IMC Essay Example for Free

Canadian Blood Services IMC Essay INTRODUCTION â€Å"Oscar Wilde once said that youth is wasted on the young. But investing in the future, the leaders of tomorrow, is more than just good business sense – it’s a necessity for survival and success† – Dr. Graham Sher, CEO of Canadian Blood Services (Pulse Magazine, 2012). Canadian Blood Services is a not-for-profit organization that operates across Canada, excluding Quebec. The objective of Canadian Blood Services is to encourage and receive blood donations through safe and secure methods to help Canadians who need blood transfusions (Canadian Blood Services, 2013). There is an increasing need for blood and blood donations across Canada. Of the current Canadian population, â€Å"the baby boomer generation remains the most loyal in terms of donating blood, while younger generations are significantly less likely to donate on a frequent basis† (Renwick-Shields, 2013). As the baby boomers age, Canadian Blood Services must find new ways to reach the younger generations, including the fastest growing segment, the Millennials. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION How can Canadian Blood Services increase the number of BC Millennial whole blood donors by 20,000 by March 31, 2015? The target number of donors is based on the previous years’ statistics of Millennial donations (age 17-34), according the Canadian Blood Services data provided (Bird, 2014a). The target number is a percentage of half the total Millennial population of BC in 2012, as typically only half the population is eligible to donate (Renwick-Shields, 2013). The problem statement is specific to BC as a test market. The timeline is based on Canadian Blood Services’ fiscal year, beginning April 1, 2014 and ending March 31, 2015. KEY FINDINGS According to Canadian Blood Services, on average, every 60 seconds, someone in Canada requires blood or a blood product (2013). The demand for blood is not subsiding, increasing at a steady rate of 2% per year (Canadian Blood Services, 2013). To be an eligible donor, volunteers must meet many stringent requirements, including a minimum age of 17, sufficient levels of iron and hemoglobin in blood, and disclosure of health and travel history.

The First Punic War (264-241 BCE) :: essays research papers

The First Punic War (264-241 BCE) Since the beginning of time, man has waged war on his neighbors, his friends and his enemies. In many cases these wars were caused by power-hungry nations that were in the process of expanding their empire and ended up stepping on the toes of another superpower or ally of a superpower. In the case of the first Punic War between Rome and Carthage, Carthage was extending its empire and they stepped on Rome’s toes. During the course of this war the winner was unclear but at times victory seemed eminent for both sides until Rome finally won. The Romans had control in the first part of the war but this would not last. After the Romans first win they decided that they needed a victory over the city of Carthage but this would turn the tides in favor of the Carthaginians. For some 15 years after this defeat of Rome the tides went back and forth between the two but would eventually lead to the Romans victory. After the victory, Rome made some very harsh demands and Carthage filled thos e demands even though some of them were very extreme. The first Punic War started with a request by the locals in Messana for the Romans to aid them in defeating the Carthaginians. Messana was at the southern tip of Italy and would be a great asset to the already superior naval fleet of Carthage. Rome saw this to be a good opportunity to halt the expansion of the Carthaginian Empire and to stop the possible attack on Italy (which was controlled by Rome). Despite this fact the Roman council debated on whether to attack on these premises or not, but eventually it was decided that they would wage war on the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians were then told that they must halt their invasion or war would be waged. They did not stop and Rome declared war. The first battle was fought entirely in Sicily, in 263BCE, and since the Romans were the superior fighters they took the ground battle and continued to prevail until 256BCE. After the victory over Carthage, the Romans began besieging Greek cities that allied with the Carthaginians. The Romans sacked these cities, which caused them to harden their resistance. Rome realized that to beat the Carthaginians they needed to build a fleet and in 261BCE they began building. To counter the Romans inexperience at sea they used a device called a corvus (a large gangplank with a spike on the underside).

Research question vs. Hypothesis Essay

Does your study take an experimental approach to answer questions? Are you making a prediction about the phenomenon being studied? If your answer to these questions is ‘yes’, then you will need a hypothesis, but if it is ‘no’ then you will need a research question. This is because a hypothesis is a statement that is tested by experiment(s) to confirm or deny the phenomenon Turning now to a research question, if you are incorporating a research question rather than a hypothesis, then remember that some of the important features of a good question are that the question or problem should be: about one issue; clear and concise; addresses an important, controversial and/or an unresolved issue; feasible to undertake within a specified timeframe; adequately resourced. Hypothesis (plural = hypotheses) A hypothesis is not a question, but rather it is a statement about the relationship between two or more variables. So, for example, the first question above could become a hypothesis by making this a statement rather than a question, namely: The perceived needs of the patient and users of South Bedfordshire’s palliative care services are being met. To be complete a hypothesis must include three components: The variables The population The relationship between the variables As you can see, the hypothesis translates the research question into a prediction of expected outcomes. A hypothesis is the tool of quantitative studies, and is only found in such  studies. In fact, a hypothesis is usually only found in experimental quantitative research studies. You will be able to find out more about hypothesese when we look at them in more detail later in the session. Research question. A research question is the question that the research project sets out to answer. In actual fact, a research study may set out to answer several questions. The methodology used for that study, and the tools used to conduct the research, all depend upon the research questions being asked. For example, in the example of a qualitative research study, the following two research questions that underpin the study, and also needed to be answered by the study, are shown in the box below. There are two research questions that will need to be answered by this phase of the research. These are:  · ‘Are the perceived needs of the patients and users of South Bedfordshire’s palliative care services bei ng met?’  · ‘If not, what needs to be done if these needs are to be met in the future?’ The first question can be answered by a quantitative study, whereas the second one may require a qualitative study to answer it. Research questions can therefore be used in quantitative and qualitative research studies.

English speech- RAW / Girl, Interrupted Essay

No institution can possibly survive if it needs geniuses or supermen to manage it. It must be organized in such a way as to be able to get along under a leadership composed of average human beings. â€Å"While an institution might encourage individuals to change through enforcing rules and regulations, it is the individual who ultimately holds the power to change.† -Scott Monk Scott Monk uses the protagonist Brett Dalton in the novel RAW as the individual who is able to change his previous life and attitude through the effect of the institution, The Farm. Scott sets the readers mind straight away with the first 3 words of the book, â€Å"busted, Brett panicked.† The reader immediately registers that Brett is a criminal which emphasizes the dramatic change Brett experiences during his stay on the farm. As a caretaker, Sam says to Brett at the beginning, â€Å"just remember, Brett: only you can change your life†. He implies that the power to change lives within the individual. Before becoming friends with Sam, Brett often protested against his rules and regulations due to his previous negligent personality. In response to these restrictions, Brett leaves in hope for the city, but gives in after he realises he would not be able to cope with society. This is where I felt Brett is beginning to alter his personality, and respect Sam’s authority. As this friendship develops, others are created. In the past Brett had severe difficulty confronting his problems, and first instinct in a sticky situation was to run away. This could be said as conforming with everyone else, as they too in the past must have been in the same situation, but are now friends with Sam, and have ultimately changed their lives. An example of this is the way that Josh. He, demonstrates to everyone that reads the book that institutionalisation can indeed be a positive experience. Brett admits this â€Å"positive experience† in the ending of the novel where Sam questions him, â€Å"did you learn anything while you were here?† to which Brett answers, â€Å"yes, of course. Lots of stuff. Like friendship, trust, love, and loss.† This to me sounds like words coming from a normal, happy, average human being. The concept of change in an individual is equally evident in Susanna Kaysen in the movie Girl, interrupted. The director, James Mangold, introduces the main character in a similar fashion to how Scott Monk introduces Brett Dalton in Raw. Susanna Keysen’s faults and flaws are exposed immediately, first seen being taken to the hospital after trying to kill herself with vodka and Aspirin pills. The audience’s immediate reaction is that something is wrong with her. Her psychologist establishes this after her recovery, asking questions like â€Å"Are you stoned?† and â€Å"how are you feeling right now?† to which her response was â€Å"I don’t know.† He then sends her to Claymore, a private mental institution. During her stay at claymore, Susanna experiences much of what Brett describes he had experienced at the farm. He mentions friendship, trust, love, and loss which is everything Susanna came across. She made many new friends while being in the establishment, realising that crazy people aren’t so scary, but are fun, interesting people to be around. As she grows closer to all of them (In particular, Lisa), she learns to trust them and adapts to their behaviours in the institution. Unfortunately, their flaws also begin to have an affect on Susanna. An example of this is the way Susanna acts out of character when Valerie tosses her into a cold bath unexpectedly. She imitates Janet Webber’s racist comments and mocking tone when she had her clothes denied due to the lack of eating. One day while escaping the world with Lisa, Susanna discovers that sometimes to be sane can be a choice to some people; everyone is insane, but the insanity is to be kept to yourself, and if expressed, you are considered to be crazy. Something’s are just not meant to be said. The line between normal and crazy is a blurry one even in today’s world. I believe sane and insane can be defined as common or uncommon behavior. Support and help is still given without having to be hospitalized. In the end of the novel, Susanna â€Å"recovers† from her diagnosis although she never really understood it or even knows if she really is â€Å"recovered.† She feels the same way about leaving the hospital as when she came in the hospital.

110 Best Marketing Tools To Consider When Building Your Toolstack

110  Best Marketing Tools To Consider When Building Your Toolstack Marketers are only as good as the tools they choose to work with. You may disagree, but consider the following: Your social media automation glitches and buries your audience with irrelevant messages. Your analytics provide inconsistentunreliable†¦ therefore, inactionable numbers. The customer support team at such-and-such company is delayed in resolving your issue, pushing the entire project back a few days. Your email marketing software goes down unexpectedly messing with your time frame and frequency. Any of the above can turn a good week sour in a matter of seconds. Which is why marketers should seek tools they 1) love to use and 2) find reliable. The problem is there are SO many tools out there. How do you choose? We’ve compiled a list of the top marketing tools, broken up by category. In addition, the team here at highlighted their favorites to help steer you in the right direction. Now you can find a reliable fit for your toolstack, cut out time-sucking tasks, and start getting more done, faster. 👊 The 110  Best Marketing Tools To Consider When Building Your Toolstack via @Marketing Tool Categories: Table of Contents: Email Marketing Tools Social Media Management Tools Influencer Marketing Tools Paid Advertising Tools Social Media Automation Tools Social Media Monitoring Tools Conversion Rate Optimization Tools Landing Page Builders CRM Tools Marketing Analytics Tools Content Marketing Tools Video Marketing Tools Marketing Design Tools Marketing Research Tools Marketing Automation Tools Marketing Workflow Tools Copywriting Tools SEO Tools Marketing Communication Tools Additional Notable Marketing Tools Check Out ’s Entire Marketing Toolstack Curious to know which #marketing tools @uses? Find out here: Email Marketing Tools Defined: Messages sent directly via email to prospects and/or customers to build + nurture a relationship between the recipient and the product/service. The beautiful part about email is that your recipients have already subscribed to be there... so why not take advantage of a receptive audience? However, it is more important that ever to focus on providing consistent value to your subscribers’ inbox in order to continue building your relationship. Which email marketing tools are best? Other Email Marketing Tools ActiveCampaign: Email marketing automation/CRM  known for top-notch customer support AWeber:  Drag + Drop email marketing service designed for marketers short on time Constant Contact: Email campaign software with easy-to-use editable templates ConvertKit: Email marketing for online creators with automated email sequences Drip:  Intelligent email marketing automation with a visual workflow builder Emma:  Automation, segmentation, A/B testing + more Email Subject Line Tester: For creating click-worthy email subject lines GetResponse:  This one does it all: email marketing, automation, landing pages + webinars iContact: Email marketing automation tool rated #1 by Capterra Reviews Madness 2018 MailChimp:  Fun-to-use email marketing platform ideal for brands of any sizeSocial Media Management Tools Defined: A tool used to engage with your audience + measure performance across all social networks. Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Instagram†¦.these are the social networks where your audience spends their days. This is where they keep up on news, engage with friends and family, shop, or find out about career opportunities. Unfortunately, these are also the places they seek out to complain about an experience, product, or person. Using a social media management tool simplifies the process and helps preserve your Social Media Manager’s sanity. Instead of separate tabs for every, single network†¦ you have a single place to log-in, plan, schedule, post, + measure ALL of your social media activities. Which social media management tools are best? Other Social Media Management Tools AgoraPulse:  Affordable social media management tool for all team levels Buffer:  A single dashboard for all of your team’s social media accounts eClincher:  A complete solution for publishing, engagement, monitoring, suggested content, influencers + analytics reporting Falcon.io:  Paid + organic posts within a single content calendar Followerwonk:  Twitter analytics by Moz Hootsuite:  Content curation, analytics, monitoring AND scheduling Social Message Optimizer: Optimize your posts according to industry best practices Sprinklr:An entire cloud of social and customer experience solutions Sprout Social:  Data-led social media planning and publishing tool Zoho Social: A single dashboard to manage social channels, schedule posts, monitor keywords + collaborate amongst teamsInfluencer Marketing Tools Defined: A tool designed to help you find potential influencers within key topic categories to expand + connect with new audiences. Influencers can be a powerful weapon to incorporate into your marketing strategy. These individuals have become trusted and admired amongst subsets of people (potentially future customers). The common problem with influencer marketing is knowing where to start. This is where influencer marketing tools can help you get the ball rolling. Which influencer marketing tools are best? Other Influencer Marketing Tools BuzzSumo:  Find key topics and influencers for performance Mention:  Identify + engage potential influencers Julius:  Influencer insights and hand-curated data Sparktoro:  In the early stages of building a tool that will help P.R. teams discover the audiences they hope to reach.Paid Advertising Tools Defined: The tools marketers use to plan, execute, and measure their paid advertising efforts in order to gain traffic they may not have acquired organically. It’s becoming increasingly more difficult to reach your audience and earn traffic organically. In addition, changes to social media channels are making it harder to reach potential customers through social media marketing. Because of this, many brands have turned to paid advertising to make up for lost volume. Similarly to social, this can lead to countless open tabs and hopping back and forth between networks. Paid advertising tools help advertisers simplify this process with all-in-one campaign management for ppc, display, and retargeting across multiple networks. Which paid advertising tools are best? Other Paid Advertising Tools Adroll:  Display ads, social ads +   triggered emails in one tool Perfect Audience:  Retargeting solution Spyfu: For spying on your competitors’ keywords Wordstream:  Simplified online advertising Social Media Automation Tools Defined: A tool that’s set to automatically post to your social network(s) on your behalf. Social media is a 24-hours/day, 7-days/week world that doesn’t stop or slow down. Because your Social Media Manager is human, it simply isn’t realistic for them to be present every, single second. Intro: social media automation. These magical tools automate your social media and fill in gaps in your schedule so your brand can be consistently active in the networks that matter to your audience. Which social media automation tools are best? Other Social Media Automation Tools AgoraPulse:  Engage, publish, monitor + report Buffer:  Schedule posts and analyze performance Crowdfire:  Discover + schedule social media in one place Hootsuite:  Schedule, manage + report on social MeetEdgar:  Streamline your social posting Sprout Social:  Plan, create, manage, and deliver to socialSocial Media Monitoring Tools Defined: Tools that consistently crawl sites to track pre-determined mentions across the internet. This enables social media marketers to engage with mentions in a timely manner. You have three options when it comes to social media monitoring: Continuously check in across every social network, multiple times a day. Allow mentions to go unnoticed and leave your audience neglected. Use a social media monitoring tool to mine it all for you + simplify the engagement process. The choice here is a no-brainer. Fave: "From a PR and social perspective, Brandwatch  is pretty awesome. In my experience, it has the most powerful boolean logic queries, mixed with a comprehensive and customizable dashboard that provides great context. I use it to monitor what is being said about and by whom, as well as keeping on eye on what's being said about competitors. We can also track the performance of feature launches, campaigns, and product areas. If you're not experienced with writing a boolean query, it can take some time to get your data pulling correctly, but it's worth the troubleshooting." Which social media monitoring tools are best? Other Social Media Monitoring Tools Brand24:  Influence + sentiment analysis as well as social monitoring. Meltwater: Social media monitoring + sentiment analysis Mention: Social media monitoring + competitor analysisConversion Rate Optimization Tools Defined: A Conversion Rate Optimization (CRO) tool offers web page testing and insights in order to increase conversion rates. In order to achieve growth, digital marketers can either increase traffic volume to their site, or increase on-page conversion rates. Better yet†¦ both. Tools like these help marketers by providing actionable insights and a/b testing. An added bonus: it will be easy to show your boss the ROI this tool provides. 😠 Which conversion rate optimization tools are best? Other CRO Tools GTMetrix: Site speed insights + actionable recommendations Hotjar:  Site visit heatmaps Ion Interactive:  Code-free interactive content for your landing pages Optimizely:  Digital experimentation and optimizationLanding Page Builders Defined: A tool designed to simplify your landing page creation process in order to convert visitors into leads. For marketers that don’t have the technical expertise to code their own page, landing page builders can be a great alternative. Many have templates and drag and drop design features to help you create quality pages quickly. This can be game-changing for collecting new leads or bottom of the funnel sales. Landing Page Tools Instapage:  Landing page platform for maximizing conversions Landingi: Landing page builder for non-developers Leadpages:  Landing page builder + lead generation Unbounce:  Custom landing page builderCRM Tools Defined: Customer Relationship Management (CRM) tools are designed to manage customer information and aid in sales enablement. Depending on the product or service, your customer journey can be fairly lengthy and complex. CRM tools are crucial in order to keep leads organized at every stage of their journey. The ideal software helps to align your marketing and sales goals while collecting customer data and providing actionable insights. Which CRM platforms are best? Other CRM Tools: Agile:  Sales enablement, marketing automation and customer service Hubspot CRM: Free CRM to organize and nurture leads Nimble: Contact management for sales + marketing SugarCRM:  Simple to use, easy CRM tool Zoho CRM:  An all-in-one customer engagement suiteMarketing Analytics Tools Defined: Tools to manage + measure your marketing activity in order to determine success of each campaign. What is the ROI of your marketing efforts? When your boss asks, having the data to backup your hard work can prove invaluable. With marketing analytics tools, everything you do can be measured and reported on so you can show off your brag-worthy results. 😉 Which marketing analytics tools are best? Other Marketing Analytics Tools: :  Marketing software with team performance insights  + social media analytics Datorama:  Intelligent marketing data reports Funnel.io:  Automated data collection + reporting Google Analytics:  All your website data in one place TapClicks:  Marketing report dashboard TrackMaven:  Marketing analytics + insightsContent Marketing Management Tools Defined: Tools designed to manage your entire content planning, creation, + distribution process. Providing value through content marketing is one of the best ways to turn your audience into fans (and ideally customers). However, providing quality content, consistently  would be near impossible without a content marketing management tool to 1) keep you on track and 2) ensure consistent publishing. Which content marketing tools are best? Other Content Marketing Management Tools: Airtable:  Spreadsheet-esque collaboration + more Contently:  Enterprise content management software Content DJ:  Content curation + editorial calendar : Drag + drop marketing and editorial content calendar DivvyHQ:  Content strategy + workflow GatherContent:  Content platform for team collaboration Kapost:  B2B content operation platform Mintent:  Content management + workflow tool Monday:  Team task management + content planning Newscred:  Content marketing platform built for enterprises Percolate:  Built for enterprises, software for content planning, strategy + operationsVideo Marketing Tools Defined: Tools that simplify video creation and/or hosting in order to visually promote your brand. Video has become an important piece of content marketing in the last few years. It has the ability capture your audience’s interest early, then show + tell your brand’s value within minutes. With the emergence of video marketing, a variety of tools have emerged to assist marketers with editing, adding effects or cta’s, animation, and hosting. Which video marketing tools are best? Other Video Marketing Tools Animoto:  Easily stylized marketing video platform for businesses. Brightcove: Integrated video marketing solution for marketers Slidely:  Easily editable video and photo collections Vidyard:  Online video platform for businesses Vimeo:  Hosting/sharing/streaming/watching Vyond:  Dynamic media software for marketers Wideo:  Animated video + presentations creator Youtube:  THE video platform + second largest search engineDesign Tools Defined: Software used to simplify the design process and add visual branding to your marketing strategy. Design is what brings the rest of your marketing to life. It has the power to grab attention, tie in themes, and communicate beyond simply text. Great design tools are an extension of a great designer. Your needs will vary (like everything else) depending on budget, team resources, and time. Some tools are built for advanced designers, while others are geared towards the artistically adverse. Which graphic design tools are best? Other Design Tools Infogram:  For engaging infographics and reports Piktochart:  Easy to use design tool Venngage:  Beautifully designed templates + infographic creation toolMarketing Research Tools Defined: Tools used to aid in the process of collecting information in order to accurately define opportunities and develop a marketing strategy. Sure, you can walk around a new city and discover some neat places†¦ BUT if you do your research and build a plan, you’re more likely to get the most out of your experience. Similarly, you might occasionally strike gold without preparation. However, marketers tends to produce the best results when paired with adequate research + planning. When you have a thorough understanding of your target demographic, you can strategically create a marketing roadmap geared towards success. Which marketing research and survey tools are best? Other Marketing Research Tools Google Trends:  Insight to current search trends SurveyMonkey:  Professional survey softwareMarketing Automation Tools Defined: a tool with the goal of automating repetitive tasks in order to streamline and simplify a marketing team’s workflow. Sure, we all have the same 24 hours in a day, but what if we could take better advantage of our already limited time? Marketing automation tools can help ease some of the time-suck activities that take up too much of your valuable time. The best tools allow you to set it and forget it so you can focus on the rest of your ever-growing task list. Which marketing automation tools are best? Other Marketing Automation Tools GetResponse: Email marketing automation + more Hubspot:  Automated, integrated workflows Marketo:  multi-solution marketing automation Oracle: Cloud marketing solutions. Pardot:  Automation by Salesforce SharpSpring: Campaign automation and trackingMarketing Workflow Tools Defined: Tools that offer planning features necessary to move a marketing project from idea to execution. Every marketer has a process in place for bringing an idea to fruition. However, if your process involves sticky notes, calendar reminders, check-in meetings, and spreadsheets†¦ there are likely tools out there that could simplify this process for you. Marketing workflow tools feature built-in task management, collaboration features, and progress updates to help keep the entire team on track. Which marketing workflow tools are best? Other Marketing Workflow Tools Asana: Team task + project workflow software Basecamp: A central source of truth for team workflows Trello: Prioritization + status updates at a glance Wrike: Cloud-based collaboration and project management softwareCopywriting Tools Defined: Tools used to assist copywriters in crafting compelling language for various forms of marketing. Copywriting isn’t as simple as slapping a sentence down and calling it good. The best Copywriters approach their work thoughtfully and with intent- often going through multiple drafts before landing on the perfect message. Although Copywriters seem to have magic ink, even they need a little help sometimes to ensure they are crafting the best message possible. Which copywriting tools are best? Other Copywriting Tools Airstory: The Copywriter’s writing software Grammarly: Free writing assistant Hemingway: Writing app full of recommendations Thesaurus: A tool that lists synonyms/related termsSEO Tools Defined: Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Tools assist marketers with insights and opportunities for improvements that will increase their performance within search engine result pages. In the battle for page one rankings, marketers need to do everything they can to improve their page performance. SEO tools help simplify this process by giving you the information you need to make incremental improvements that can lead to big results. Which search engine optimization tools are best? Other SEO Tools LSIGraph:  Your latent semantic indexing best friend Majestic: Marketing search engine and backlink checker Moz: Keyword research, SEO, link building and more Screaming Frog: For crawling websites SEMrush: SEO  and PPC analysis toolMarketing Communication Tools Defined: The in-office (often chat-based) tool used for communication + collaboration. Nobody likes unwanted desk drop-bys. They put a wrench in your day and throw off your focus. Communication tools allow collaboration between team members without being intrusive. Chats are great for quick questions, reminders, office announcements, or an occasional gif. In addition, chatting is a great alternative to sending out yet another  email.

British Defence Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

British Defence Policy - Essay Example The passengers on the fourth plane rose up and fought their oppressors, but the price was fatal. By the time that military responses could be coordinated, the World Trade Center and the Pentagon had already been hit. Paradigm shifts like this were part of the rationale behind the writing of the Defence White Paper entitled "Delivering Security in a Changing World" in 2003. The British government recognized a number of factors that necessitated changes in the ways that government agencies handled domestic security. According to the introduction to the white paper, it was "evident that the successful management of international security problems [would] require ever more integrated planning of military, diplomatic and economic instruments at both national and international levels" (Ministry of Defence 2003, p. 1). In other words, not only would countries have to be able to cooperate in ways that had not yet been possible in meeting the challenges of a common enemy, agencies within the same government would also have to work in concert swiftly to meet the challenges of terrorism, and there are many countries in which this interagency cooperation would prove more of a challenge than finding common g round with other countries. The improvement in military technologies was also a factor, which led those writing the paper to "look at how.new technologies [can] deliver military effects in different ways[including] flexible forces able to configure to generate the right capability in a less predictable and more complex operational environment" (Ministry of Defence 2003, p. 1). The goal of the white paper was to "move away from simplistic platform-centric planning to a fully 'networked enabled capability' able to exploit effects-based planning and operations, using forces which are truly adaptable, capable of even greater levels of precision, and rapidly deployable" (Ministry of Defence 2003, p. 1). Clearly, some paradigm shifts were underway in the restructuring of British security. Although the British government conducted another SDR in 2002, after the 9/11 attacks in the United States, there were other international events and factors that led to the writing of this white paper. The first one mentioned was the large number of small crises that were occurring all over the globe, including Kosovo, Macedonia, Sierra Leone, East Timor, Afghanistan, Congo, and Iraq - all at once. Constructing a military to face two or three theaters, at most, would be outdated in the current security environment. Also, while theaters in past conflicts, such as the Falkland Islands, or even such conflicts that, at the time, seemed protracted (like the Second World War), ended up taking less time to resolve that some of these foreign crises have in the past decade. Also, the structure of NATO has changed, transitioning from a group of large, static forces to smaller response teams that can go outside the NATO territory. Similarly, the creation of the European Security and Defence P olicy (ESDP) has fragmented the size of response teams even further. Also, a strategic partnership with Russia could present a variety of demands, given the instability that, at times, has plagued Russia's infrastructure, particularly their oil pipelines. The spreading of weapons of mass destruction around the world, and particularly the ease with which individuals and small

Climate change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Climate change - Essay Example Climate change The claim that global warming is real centers primarily on speculative theories rather than facts. This is primarily because perpetuators of the global warming hoax base their theories on contrived data, as well as unconfirmed predictions. The evidence provided to prove the reality of global warming is, however, discovered and presented through politically corrupted processes, as well as report conclusions that are driven by corrupted agenda rendered by alleged authoritative institutions such as the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The originator of the global warming hoax was James Hansen who was the director of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies and a member of NASA (Inhofe 154). Hansen presented his testimony on global warming to the US Senate in 1988, thereby starting a series of false testimonies regarding global warming. The hoax was later exaggerated by mainstream media and reports released by organizations such as IPCC in 1990, 1996 and th e year 2001. Both environmentalists and weathermen increasingly make claims regarding global warming and climate change, for which they do not provide any evidence, and in some instances, such evidence is, without a doubt, fabricated. For instance, in 1996, the IPCC released a report that used selective data and manufactured graphs to enhance the view that climate change was a reality. The report also encompassed textual alterations made after scientists approved the final report before it was printed. Another prominent instance of fraud regarding the issue of global warming was the evidence provided in the publication of e-mail files recovered from the Climate Research Unit at the University of East Anglia in Britain (Sussman 195). Reprehensible exchanges among leading researchers who stirred up the hysteria surrounding global warming also confirm ancient and largely suspected manipulations of data relating to climate. These exchanges also prove conspiracies aimed at falsifying and withholding information and suppressing conflicting findings in scholarly and peer-reviewed articles. They also provide evidence regarding the exaggeration of the presence of threats of man-made actions that cause climatic changes. A vast majority of these individuals exert immense influence over report findings issued by institutions such as the IPCC. The hoax regarding global warming is perpetuated by the attempts by progressive persons to exert control over the world’s energy industry. The reality is that nothing has changed in the global climate, which can be attributed to human activities that cause carbon dioxide emissions. The hoax continues to threaten the economy while also advancing the agenda of institutions such as the UN in many ways. The reality is that carbon dioxide is quite beneficial as a trace gas, which exists in such minute amounts within the atmosphere, that the notion that it plays a substantive role in influencing the climate is highly nonfactual. Car bon dioxide makes up less than 0.1 percent of the atmosphere. On the other hand, only 4 percent of carbon dioxide emanates from human